Today, more than 50 varieties of oats are known in our country. They differ in many ways, including the presence or absence of a husk on the grain, ripening conditions, and yield. You can learn about the different oat varieties and how to distinguish them by reading this article.
Membranous
The species received its name because the grains in the spikelets are covered with a thin layer of film.
There are 2 types of varieties of this species:
- PaniculateThis type is distinguished by spreading branches and horizontal attachment of ears to the stem.
- One-maned. This type has compressed branches that are attached evenly to the stem. It is the most productive type of crop, so it is most often used in agriculture.
| Name | Yield (c/ha) | Ripening period (days) | Disease resistance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fighter | 55 | 90 | Low |
| Lion | 60 | 90 | Low |
| Mascot | 75 | 75 | Average |
| Hello | 60 | 90 | High |
| Shearling | 60 | 80 | Low |
| Show jumping | 40 | 80 | Low |
| Adamo | 40 | 100 | Low |
| Trotter | 45 | 85 | Average |
| Bug | 60 | 100 | High |
Fighter
It is distinguished by the following features:
- grows upright, leaves do not fall;
- the plant's spikelets are facing downwards;
- large grains, which can reach 45 g in weight (1000 pcs.);
- the surface of the spikelets is covered with small hairs;
- drought resistant;
- susceptible to many diseases and requires careful care.
The variety matures in 90 days. The average yield is approximately 55 c/ha.
With good care, fertility can increase.
Lion
Variety qualities:
- the bushes are of medium height, about 60 cm;
- the spikelets are covered with long scales;
- susceptible to most common diseases;
- the weight of 1000 grains rarely exceeds 40 g.
The harvest should be completed 90 days after sowing. During this time, an average yield of 60 centners per hectare of oats can be obtained.
Mascot
Parameters by which the described variety can be determined:
- has high nutritional value;
- the weight of 1000 pieces does not reach 40 g;
- grains are elongated, thickened;
- moderately resistant to diseases and drought.
After sowing, it takes at least 75 days to harvest. Yields rarely exceed 75 centners per hectare.
Hello
Plants are characterized by:
- waxy coating covering the spikelets;
- grains, the weight of which can reach 40 g (1000 pcs.);
- high resistance to diseases such as smut.
The variety ripens 90 days after sowing. The yield reaches 60 centners per hectare.
Shearling
Traits characteristic of the variety:
- the spikelets are covered with long scales and a thick layer of waxy coating;
- the fruits are covered with a thick film;
- the weight of 1000 grains fluctuates within 43 g;
- susceptibility to many diseases.
Fully matures in 80 days. Yields do not exceed 60 c/ha.
Show jumping
It is recommended to pay attention to:
- plant height reaching 1 m;
- spikelets, which are covered with small scales and a middle layer of waxy coating;
- large grains, weighing more than 40 g (1000 pcs.);
- good drought resistance;
- susceptibility to many common diseases.
The variety takes 80 days to mature. Fertility is low, reaching 40 centners per hectare.
Adamo
Specifications:
- The bushes usually grow upright, but can sometimes be slightly drooping;
- the fruits are white in color;
- the weight of 1000 grains does not exceed 40 g;
- susceptible to many known diseases.
It is distinguished by a long ripening period of over 100 days. The yield is approximately 40 centners per hectare.
Trotter
Description of the variety:
- the spikelets are covered with long scales and a thick layer of waxy coating;
- the average weight of 1000 grains is 37 g;
- It has an average level of resistance to the most common diseases.
The ripening period is relatively short, rarely exceeding 85 days. The yield is 45 centners per hectare.
Bug
Has the following qualities:
- the height of the stem exceeds 100 cm;
- the grains are large, their weight is more than 35 g (1000 pcs.);
- resistant to many diseases and drought;
- is distinguished by its high protein content.
The ripening period is long – more than 100 days. The yield can reach 60 c/ha.
Naked
When ripe, the grains of this variety lose their membrane. There are three common varieties.
| Name | Yield (c/ha) | Ripening period (days) | Disease resistance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lefty | 40 | 60 | High |
| Belarusian naked | 50 | 90 | High |
| Solomon | 40 | 90 | High |
Lefty
Parameters of this variety:
- the bush grows upwards, always straight;
- the spikelets are covered with scales with a waxy coating;
- the grains are not too large, the weight of 1000 pieces, on average, reaches only 30 g;
- The fruits have a high protein content.
It's not known for its high yield, reaching around 40 centners per hectare. This variety matures within 60 days.
Belarusian naked
Distinguishing features:
- thick stem;
- elongated grains, the weight of which is only 28 g (1000 pcs.);
- resistant to many diseases;
- is distinguished by its high protein content;
- has increased nutritional value.
The variety ripens in 90 days. The yield is 50 c/ha.
Solomon
Known signs:
- the bushes are tall and grow straight;
- the weight of 1000 grains does not exceed 28 g;
- resistant to many diseases and drought.
The maturation period is approximately 90 days. Fertility is low, averaging 40 c/ha.
Spring crops
Varieties of this species are often used as forage crops. They are undemanding to heat and can grow in temperate climates.
| Name | Yield (c/ha) | Ripening period (days) | Disease resistance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dogoy | 30 | 100 | High |
| Barguzin | 35 | 95 | High |
| Geser | 50 | 85 | Low |
| Mergen | 55 | 85 | High |
| Gallop | 55 | 70 | Average |
| Max | 8.7-8.9 | 90-95 | High |
Dogoy
The following qualities can be named:
- dark green color of leaves;
- stem height reaching 100 cm;
- the weight of 1000 grains, which can be equal to 35 g;
- resistant to many diseases.
It matures within 100 days. The yield is relatively low, not exceeding 30 c/ha.
Barguzin
Traits distinguished in this variety:
- the spikelets are covered with thick scales;
- the grains are large, medium length, their weight within 1000 pieces is 40 g;
- resistant to many diseases and tolerates periods of drought well.
The plant maturation period extends to 95 days, with fertility reaching 35 centners per hectare.
Geser
Parameters:
- the bush is tall, can reach 100 cm in length;
- the weight of 1000 grains exceeds 35 g;
- the spikelets are covered with small scales and a very thin layer of plaque;
- susceptible to many common diseases and has low drought tolerance.
The harvest can be completed 85 days after sowing. The resulting yield will not exceed 50 centners per hectare.
Mergen
First of all, attention is paid to:
- a stem whose height does not exceed 90 cm;
- large white grains, the weight of which can be equal to 40 g (1000 pcs.);
- resistance to most diseases.
Fruiting begins 85 days after sowing. The resulting yield will be approximately 55 centners per hectare.
Gallop
The main features of plants of this variety:
- the spikelets are covered with small scales and a medium layer of plaque;
- the weight of 1000 grains reaches, on average, 35 g;
- average resistance to known diseases.
Full maturity requires at least 70 days. Yields reach up to 55 centners per hectare.
Max
It has the following features:
- grows up to 81 cm in height;
- white-grained form, low film content;
- weight of 1000 grains from 35 to 45 g.
The growing season lasts 90-95 days. The yield is high – 8.7-8.9 t/ha.
The best yields
This category includes all oat varieties valued for their high yields. The following deserve special attention.
| Name | Yield (c/ha) | Ripening period (days) | Disease resistance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Irtysh 22 | 70 | 100 | High |
| Argamak | 90 | 90 | High |
| Ivory | 85 | 75 | Average |
| Trump | 80 | 75 | High |
| Merlin | 80 | 90 | Low |
| Jumper | 79 | 80 | High |
| Gait | 75 | 90 | Low |
| Friend | 70 | 90 | High |
| Jacob | 70 | 95 | High |
Irtysh 22
Qualities characteristic of the variety:
- the bushes are quite tall and usually grow straight;
- The grains of this variety are thick, large, weighing about 44 g (1000 pcs.);
- resistant to many diseases, tolerates frost and drought.
The maximum recorded yield of this variety was approximately 70 centners per hectare. It matures in up to 100 days.
Argamak
The following parameters can be highlighted:
- stems can reach 90 cm in height;
- the grains are small, the weight of 1000 pieces can be less than 40 g;
- has increased nutritional value;
- requires careful maintenance.
The yield can reach up to 90 centners per hectare. It matures in 90 days.
Ivory
The variety is known for the following characteristics:
- 1000 grains can weigh 40 g;
- the variety is resistant to ear drop;
- requires good treatment to protect against diseases.
At least 75 days pass from planting to harvest. The yield is 85 centners per hectare, but only with proper care.
Trump
Traits inherent in plants:
- completely covered with a waxy coating;
- the grains are small, 1000 pieces can weigh no more than 37 g;
- resistant to most diseases, tolerates drought well.
The variety takes at least 75 days to mature. The yield is approximately 80 centners per hectare.
Merlin
The following signs are distinguished:
- the spikelets are covered with scales of medium length;
- the weight of 1000 grains is 35 g;
- susceptible to many diseases and requires increased care.
The ripening period is up to 90 days. The highest yield recorded for this variety was 80 centners per hectare.
Jumper
It can be distinguished by:
- light pubescence characteristic of the upper node of the stem;
- resistance to drought and many diseases;
- yellowish tint of the panicle.
This variety takes approximately 80 days from sowing to fruiting. Maximum yield is 79 centners per hectare.
Gait
Please note:
- grains that have a slightly elongated shape;
- weight, for 1000 grains equal to 35 g;
- high susceptibility of plants to diseases;
- increased value of the fruits of this variety.
The yield exceeds 75 centners per hectare. It can take up to 90 days from planting to harvest.
Friend
Description:
- has a large panicle of light color;
- the grains are large, thickened, the weight of 1000 pieces is 40 g;
- is highly resistant to many common diseases.
Full maturity occurs in 90 days. The yield of this variety is 70 c/ha.
Jacob
Known signs:
- the spikelets are covered with long scales;
- resistant to many diseases except crown rust;
- The weight of 1000 grains is usually equal to 40 g.
It matures over a long period, which can exceed 95 days. The variety's yield reaches 70 centners per hectare.
You can choose the right oat variety based on your personal preferences. First, consider the plants' yield, maturity, and disease resistance. You also need to determine the sowing purpose and the desired yield. Only then can you choose an oat variety that will truly benefit your crop.